What do the terms "normal" and "alternate" refer to in flap operation?

The terms "normal" and "alternate" in flap operation specifically relate to the modes in which the aircraft's flaps can be deployed. In the context of aircraft systems, "normal" operation usually denotes the primary method of deploying the flaps, which in the case of many aircraft, including the CRJ series, relies on hydraulic systems. This system allows for precise flap positioning and typically provides reliable and rapid actuation.

On the other hand, "alternate" operation comes into play when there is a failure or malfunction in the normal hydraulic systems. In this scenario, the aircraft can still deploy the flaps using an alternate method, which is often manual and can use backup hydraulic systems or electrical means. This ensures that the pilot still has the ability to control the aircraft efficiently under adverse conditions.

Thus, normal indicating standard electrical operation captures the essence of the primary flap deployment system, while alternate reflects the function of hydraulic backup, making this understanding crucial for effective aircraft operation and safety.