During which operation is the "hold short" instruction typically given?

The "hold short" instruction is specifically given before crossing a runway or taxiway limit line to ensure safety and maintain orderly traffic on the airport surface. This instruction is crucial as it helps to prevent potential runway incursions, which can result in dangerous situations involving aircraft on takeoff or landing.

When pilots receive a "hold short" instruction, it indicates that they must stop their aircraft before a designated point, allowing other aircraft or vehicles to safely operate on the intersecting runway or taxiway. This procedure is an essential aspect of airport ground operations, especially in busy environments where multiple aircraft may be moving simultaneously. It emphasizes the importance of communication and situational awareness among pilots and air traffic control to maintain safety around runways.

In contrast, other options do not accurately describe the appropriate context for a "hold short" instruction. Prior to takeoff when the runway is clear does not necessitate a "hold short" instruction, as pilots would typically be cleared for takeoff at that time. Emergency landings involve different protocols, and ground operations at departure gates do not require holding short of runways or taxiways.